Carbon vestigium est indicator quod mensurat impulsum humanae actiones in environment. Et conceptum de "Carbon Vestigia" originem ex "adipiscing vestigium", maxime expressa ut CO2 equivalent (co2eq), quod repraesentat totalis CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones per humana productionem et consummatio actiones.
Carbon vestigium est usus vitae cycle taxationem (lca) ad assess in CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones directe vel indirecte generatae per investigationis obiectum in suo lifecycle. Nam idem est difficultas et scope carbonis vestigium accounting maior quam ipsum emissiones et accounting eventus continent informationem de carbonis emissiones.
Cum augendae severitatem global climate mutatio et environmental exitibus, carbonis vestigia ratio est facti praecipue magna. Potest non solum adiuva nos magis verius intelligere impulsum humanae actiones in environment, sed etiam providere scientific basis formulando emissionem reductionem strategies et promovens viridi et humilis-ipsum transformationem.
Et tota vita exolvuntur de Bamboo, a incrementum et progressionem, messurae, dispensando et vestibulum, uber utendo ad arbitrio, est plenum processus of carboni cycle, comprehendo uber et usum, et carbonis vestigia post arbitrio.
Hoc investigationis fama conatus ad praesentem valorem de adipiscing bamboo saltus plantationis et industriae progressionem ad climate accommodationem per analysis de carbon vestigia et ipsum labeling scientia, tum organization research.
I. Carbon vestigium Ratio
① Concept, secundum ad definitionem United Nationum Framework Convention in Clima Mutare, Carbon Vestigia Total Total of Carbon Dioxide et Alius Condited per totam Lifecycle et cumulative emittitur per totam Lifecycle de productum / Service.
Carbon label “is a manifestation of” product carbon footprint “, which is a digital label that marks the full lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of a product from raw materials to waste recycling, providing users with information about the product's carbon emissions in the form of a Label.
Vita Cycle taxationem (LCA) est novum environmental impulsum taxationem modum, quod est developed in Western terris in annis et adhuc in scaenam continuae investigationis et progressionem. In basic vexillum ad aestimandis productum ipsum vestigium est LCA modum, quod consideretur optimus choice ut amplio fidem et commodum carbonis vestigium calculation.
LCA primum identifies et quantify consummatio ex industria et materiae, tum environmental solvo per totam Lifecycle scaena, tunc evaluates impulsum harum consumptionem et solvo ad redigendum et evaluates occasiones ad redigendum. In ISO (XIV) XL Latin, edita in MMVI, dividit in "vitae cycle amet gradibus" in quattuor gradus: determinationem proposito et scope, inventarium analysis, impulsum aestimationem, et interpretationem.
② signa et modi:
Sunt varii modi ad calculandum ipsum vestigia ad praesens.
In China, accounting methods can be divided into three categories based on system boundary settings and model principles: Process based Life Cycle Assessment (PLCA), Input Output Life Cycle Assessment (I-OLCA), and Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment (HLCA). Currently, ibi est carentia unitatis nationalibus signa ad ipsum vestigium accounting in Sinis.
Internationally, sunt tres principalis internationalis signa ad productum campester: "Pas MML: MMXI Specification pro Aestimatio de Cycle Gas emissiones in productum et servitium vitae cycle" (BSI "(Wri, WBCSD, MMXI), et "ISO (XIV) LXVII: MMXVIII CONSERVATORIUM gasorum - uber ipsum Vestigia - quantitative requisitis et guidelines" (ISO, MMXVIII).
Secundum ad Lifecycle Theoria, Pas2050 et ISO14067 sunt currently statutum signa ad aestimandis productum carbon vestigium cum publice praesto propria ratio modi, utrumque includit duo Aestimatio modos: Business ad Business (B2C).
Et iudicium contentus de B2C includit rudis materiae, productio et processui, distribution et retail, dolor usu, ultima arbitrio vel redivivus, id est "a cuniculis ad sepulcrum." Et B2B iudicium contentus includit rudis materiae, productio et processui et translationem ad downstream mercatores, id est "a cunis ad portam."
Et Pas2050 Product ipsum Footprint Certification Processus ex tribus gradibus: Initiation Tempus, Product ipsum Footprint Calculation scaena, et subsequent gradibus. The ISO14067 product carbon footprint accounting process includes five steps: defining the target product, determining the accounting system boundary, defining the accounting time boundary, sorting out the emission sources within the system boundary, and calculating the product carbon footprint.
③
Per accounting ad ipsum vestigium, possumus identify princeps emissionem sectores et areas, et accipere correspondentes ad redigendum emissiones. Calculandum carbonis vestigium potest etiam dirigere nos formare humilis-ipsum lifestyles et consummatio exemplaria.
Carbon Labeling est momenti significat revelationem CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones in productio environment vel lifecycle of products, tum per fenestram ad investors, imperium regulatory agencies et publico intellegere in CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones productio entia. Carbon Labeling, quod est momenti modo carbonis notitia disclosure, late accepit ab magis et plures regiones.
Agricultural uber ipsum labeling est specifica applicationem carbonis labeling in agriculturae products. Comparari ad alia genera products, in introductio de Carbonis titulus in agriculturae products est magis urgere. Uno modo, agricultura est momenti fons CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones et maxima fons non ipsum dioxide CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones. Secundo, comparari ad industriae sector, in disclosure of Carbon labeling notitia in agriculturae productio processus est nondum completum, quod restringit in divitias application missionibus. Tertio, consumers invenies difficile ad consequi effective informationem in carbo vestigium de products in dolor fine. In annis, a serie studiis qui revelata quod propria dolor coetus sunt volens reddere pro low-ipsum products, et carbon labeling potest pressius compensare pro notitia asymmetry inter effectrix et consumers, auxilium ad amplio foro efficientiam.
II, Bamboo Industry torquem
① basic situ de Bamboo industria cathen
In Bamboo dispensando industria torquem in Sina dividitur in flumine, midstream et downstream. Raw est fluminibus et ex variis partibus Bamboo, comprehendo Bamboo folia, Bamboo flores, Bamboo propagines, Bamboo fibris, et sic est. In midstream involves milia varietates in multa agros ut Bamboo aedificationem materiae, Bamboo products, bamboo propagines et cibum, bamboo pulpam Papermaking, etc; Downstream Applications of Bamboo Products includit Papermaking, supellectilem faciens, medicinales materials et bamboo culturae voluptuaria similesve, in aliis.
Bamboo Resources sunt fundamentum pro progressionem de Bamboo industria. Secundum usum, Bamboo potest dividitur in bamboo pro lignis, Bamboo pro Bamboo propagines, Bamboo ad Pulpam et Bamboo in horto ornamentum. Ex natura Bamboo silva opibus, proportionem ligna Bamboo saltus est XXXVI%, sequitur Bamboo propagines et ligna dual-usu bamboo silva, adipiscing publica saltus, et pulpam bamboo et ad XXIV%, XIX%, et XIV% respectively. Bamboo propagines et scaenicos Bamboo silva habent secundum quid parva proportiones. Sinis habet abundat Bamboo Resources, cum DCCCXXXVII speciei et annua output de CL decies centies talentorum Bamboo.
Bamboo est maxime momenti bamboo speciei unique ad Sinis. In praesens, Bamboo est pelagus rudis materia pro Bamboo Engineering Material Processing, Fresh Bamboo virga Market, et Bamboo Processing Products in Sina. In futuro, Bamboo erit adhuc esse mainstay of bamboo resource cultum in Sinis. In praesenti, in decem genera Key Bamboo Processing et Utendo Products in Sina includit BMBOO artificialis Boards, Bamboo Tabulatum, Bamboo Ramots, Bamboo Pulpam et Chartam Furniture, Bamboo Daily Products et Handicar , Bamboo excerpta et potiones, oeconomica products in Bamboo siluas et Bamboo Tourism et Salutem curare. Inter eos, Bamboo artificialis tabulae et ipsum materiae sunt columnas Sinis scriptor Bamboo industria.
Quam ut develop in Bamboo industria catena sub Dual ipsum metam
Quod "Dual Carbon" metam significat quod Sinis nititur ad consequi ipsum apicem ante MMXXX et ipsum neutralitatem ante MMXLX. In praesenti, Sinis et active explored Green, High-Carbon, et oeconomice agentibus industries. Insuper ad suum adipiscing commoda, in Bamboo industria et necessitates ad explorandum ejus potentiale sicut carbonis descendat et intrantes carbonis negotiatione foro.
(I) Bamboo silvam habet amplis carbonis descendat Resources:
Secundum ad current notitia in Sina, in area de Bamboo silvas habet significantly auctus in praeteritum L annis. Ex 2,4539 decies hectares in 1950s et 1960s ad 4.8426 decies centena hectares in mane 21st century (exclusis notitia ex Taiwan), in anno-on-annus incremento de 97.34%. Et proportionem Bamboo silvis in National Forest Area habet auctus a 2.87% ad 2.96%. Bamboo silva opibus facti sunt momenti pars Sinis scriptor silva opibus. Secundum ad 6th National Forest Resource Inventarium, inter 4,8426 decies hectares de Bamboo silvis in Sina, sunt 3.372 decies hectares de Bamboo, cum fere 7.5 billion plantis, de LXX% de patria est Billion, de LXX% de Billion Forest Circa de LXX% de Billion plantis.
(II) commoda Bamboo silva organismi:
① Bamboo habet brevi incrementum exolvuntur, fortis explosivae incrementum, et habet proprietates renovabilis augmentum et annua messing. Hoc est altum uti valorem et non habet problems ut solo exesa post completum logging et solo degradation post continuum plantationis. Hoc habet magna potentiale ad ipsum sequestrationem. In notitia ostendit quod annua certa carbonis contentus in ligno iacuit de Bamboo silva est 5.097t / HM2 (exclusis annua lectica productionem), quod est 1.46 temporibus, quod ex ieiunium-crescente Seres abies.
② Bamboo siluas habent relative simplex incrementum conditionibus, diverse incrementum exemplaria, fragmen distribution, et continua regio variabilitas. Sunt magnam geographicis distribution area et amplis, maxime distribuit in XVII provincias et civitates, concentrad in Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan et Zhejiang. Non potest correspondent celeri et magnis-scale progressionem in diversis regionibus, formatam universa et proxima ipsum Spatiotemporal exempla et ipsum fons Suspendisse dynamic networks.
(III) De conditionibus ad Bamboo silvam ipsum Sequestration negotiatione sunt mature:
① Et redivivus industria de Bamboo est relative completum
Et Bamboo industria palmorum per primaria, secundarium et Tertiariis industries, cum suis output valorem augendae a LXXXII billion Yuan in MMX ad 415.3 billion Yuan in MMXXII, cum mediocris annua incrementum rate in MMXXII, cum in mediocris annua incrementum rate de XXX%, cum an mediocris annua incrementum rate in MMXXII, cum an mediocris annua incrementum rate de XXX%, cum an mediocris annua incrementum rate in MMXXII, cum average annua incrementum rate in XXX%. Expectatur quod per MMXXXV, in output valorem de Bamboo industria et excedat I trillion Yuan. In praesenti, novum bamboo industria cathenm exemplar innovation est ferri ex in Anji Comitatus, Zhejiang provinciae, Sinis, focusing in comprehensive modum de natura et oeconomia ad mutuas integrationem.
② Related Policy Support
Post proponendo Dual Carbon scopum, Sinis habet edita multa policies et opiniones ad dirigendam totam industria in carbonis neutralitate procuratio. De November XI, MMXXI, Decem Departments inter statum arboribus et campi Administration, in National Development et Reformationis Commissionis, et Ministerio Science et Technology Dissertatio de "Development of Dastments in accelerans in profectivo de Bamboo industria et in novit. De November II, MMXXIII, in National Development et Reformationis Commission et alia departments communiter dimisit in "tres annos actio consilium accelerate progressionem, repositoque plastic cum Bamboo '. In addition, opinions in promovendi progressionem Bamboo industria fuisse posuit deinceps in aliis provinciis ut Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, etc. sub integration et cooperante de variis industriae et carbon vestigia in exemplum et carbonis et carbon vestigia in exemplum et carboni et carboni vestigia sunt introducti .
III, quam ad calculate carbonis vestigium de Bamboo industria catenae?
① Research Profectus in Carbon Vestigia de Bamboo Products
In praesens, ibi est relative parum investigationis in carbonis vestigia de Bamboo products et domestice et internationally. Secundum existentium investigationis, quod ultima ipsum translatio et repono capacitatem de Bamboo variat in diversis uti modi ut explicat, integrationem, et recombinationi, unde in diversis impingit in ultima carbon vestigium de Bamboo products.
② carbonis exolvuntur processus de Bamboo products per totius Lifecycle
The entire life cycle of bamboo products, from bamboo growth and development (photosynthesis), cultivation and management, harvesting, raw material storage, product processing and utilization, to waste decomposition (decomposition), is completed. Et Carbon exolvuntur de Bamboo products in eorum Lifecycle includit Quinque Pagina: Bamboo Cultura (plantationis, Management, et operatio), rudis materiam productio (collectione, translationem, et repono de Bamboo aut Bamboo propagines, et repono in Bamboo vel Bamboo propagines), uber et utilization (variis processibus in processus et utilization (variis processibus in processus et utilization (variis processibus in PROCUS processus), Sales, uti et arbitrio (decomposition), involving ipsum fixation, cumulus, repono, sequestrationem, et directum vel indirecte carbonis emissiones in singulis scaena (video figure III).
Processus colendi Bamboo silvis potest esse in link of "Carbon cumulus et repono", involving recta vel indirecte ipsum emissiones a plantationis, administratione et operatio actiones.
Rudis materiam productio est carbonis transferre link connectens arboribus conatibus et bamboo productum processus conatibus, et etiam involves directum vel indirectis carbon emissiones in messuri, initialis aut bamboo propagines, et repono initialis aut Bamboo propagines.
Processing productum et utendo est carbonis sequestration processus, quod involves diu terminus fixation in carbonis in products, tum quod directos vel indirectis carbon emissiones ex variis processus ut unitatis processus, uber per processiones, et per-productum, uber processus, et per-uber utendo, uber processus, et per-productum utendo, uber processus, et per-uber utendo, uber processus, et per-productum utendo, uber processus, et per-productum utendo, uber processus, et per-productum utendo, uber processus, et per-productum utendo, uber processus, et per-productum utendo, uber processus, et per-productum est.
Postquam productum intrat dolor usu scaena, ipsum est omnino in Bamboo products ut supellectilem, aedificia, cotidie necessitatibus, charta products, etc. sicut in ministerium crescit, in usu carbonis sequestration erit usque ad dispositionem; decomposing et releasing CO2 et reversus ad atmosphaera.
Secundum studium per Zhou Pengfei et al. (MMXIV), Bamboo secare Boards sub explicatione modus Bamboo sunt capta ut investigationis obiectum, et "Aestimatio Specification pro CONSERVATORIUM Gas emissiones de bonis et servicia in vita cycle" (Pas MMXL et Services in Vita Cycle "(Pas MMXL et Services in Vita Cycle" (Pas MMXL et Services in Vita Cycle "(Pas MMXL et Services in Vita Cycle" (Pas MMXL et Services in Vita Cycle "(Paper . Elige B2b Aestimatio modum ad comprehendendo assess in ipsum dioxide emissiones et ipsum repono omnis productio processus, inter rudis materia translationem, uber processus, inter crudum materia translationem, uber processus, inter crudum materia translationem, uber processus, comprehendo crudum materia translationem, uber processus, comprehendo crudum materia translationem, uber processus, inter crudum materia translationem, uber processus, comprehendo crudum materia translationem, uber processus, comprehendo crudum materia translationem, uber processus, inter crudum materia translationem, uber processus, comprehendo crudum materia translationem, uber processus, inter crudum materia translationem, uber processus, comprehendo crudum materia translationem, uber processus, inter crudum, et warehousing (videatur figura IV). Pas2050 stipulat ut ipsum vestigium metasurement ut satus a translationem de rudis materiae, et primaria gradu notitia de carbon emissiones et ipsum translatio a rudis materiae, productio ad distribution (b2b) de mobili bamboo secare tabulas ut verius metiri determinare magnitudinem Carbon vestigia.
Framework mensuræ carbonis vestigium Bamboo products tota Lifecycle
In collectione et mensurae ex basic notitia pro se scaena de Bamboo productum Lifecycle est fundamentum vitae Lifecycle Analysis. Basic data includit terram opus, aqua consummatio, consummatio de diversis gustibus industria (carbo, cibus, electricity, etc), consummatio de variis rudis materiae, et inde materia et industria fluxus, et inde materia et industria fluxus data. Mensura Carbon vestigium mensuram de Bamboo products per lifecycle per data collectio et mensuram.
(I) Bamboo saltus culturam scaena
Carbon effusio et cumulus: pullulans, incrementum et progressionem, numerum novi bamboo propagines;
Carbon repono: Bamboo Forest structuram, Bamboo stans gradum, aetate structuram, biomass de variis organis; Biomass lectica layer; Solum organicum carbonis repono;
Carbon Emissiones: Carbon repono, decomposition et dimittere de lectica; Soli respiratio ipsum emissiones; Et carbonis emissiones generatae per externa industria consummatio et materia consummatio talis ut laborem, potestatem, aqua et stercorat pro plantationis, administratione, et negotii actiones.
(II) rudis materia productionem scaena
Carbon translatio: Metentes volumen aut Bamboo virga volumen et biomass;
Carbon Redi: Residua de Logging aut Bamboo propagines, prima processus residua et biomass;
Carbon emissiones: quod moles carbonis emissiones generatae per externa industria et materia consummatio, ut laborem et potestatem, in collectione, initialis processus, translationem, repono, et utendo de Bamboo aut Bamboo propagines.
(III) productum processus et utendo scaena
Carbon Sequestration: Biomass de Bamboo products et per-products;
Carbon reditus vel retention: processus residua et biomass;
Carbon emissiones: Carbon emissiones generatae per externa industria consummatio talis ut laborant, virtus, consumptos, et materiam consummatio per processus of unitatis processus, uber processus, et per-productum utendo.
(IV) Sales et usus scaena
Carbon Sequestration: Biomass de Bamboo products et per-products;
Carbon emissiones: moles ipsum emissiones generatae per externa industria consummatio ut translationem et laborem ex conatibus ad venditionesque foro.
(V), arbitrio scaena
Carbon Release: Carbon repono in vastum products; Demomposition et dimittere moles.
Dissimilis alia silva industries, bamboo saltus consequi sui, renovatione post scientific logging et utendo, sine necessitate reforestation. Bamboo saltus incrementum est in dynamic statera augmentum et continue absorbet certum ipsum, cumulare et reponunt ipsum, et continue augendae carbon sequestress. Quantum de Bamboo rudis materiae usus est in Bamboo products est non magnum, et diu-term Carbon sequestration potest effectum per usum Bamboo products.
In praesens, non est investigationis in carbonis exolvuntur mensura de Bamboo products in tota vita cycle. Debitum ad Long Carbon emissionem tempore per venditionesque, utere, et dispositionum gradus Bamboo products, in carbo vestigia est difficile ad modum. In praxi, carbonis vestigium taxationem plerumque focuses in duos levels: unum estimate carbonis repono et emissiones in productio processus a rudis materiae ad products; Secundum est ad aestimandam Bamboo products de plantationis ad productionem
Post tempus: Sep, 17-2024
